Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-15 (of 15 Records) |
Query Trace: Lipman H[original query] |
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Genotypic differences between strains of the opportunistic pathogen Corynebacterium bovis isolated from humans, cows, and rodents.
Cheleuitte-Nieves C , Gulvik CA , McQuiston JR , Humrighouse BW , Bell ME , Villarma A , Fischetti VA , Westblade LF , Lipman NS . PLoS One 2018 13 (12) e0209231 Corynebacterium bovis is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen shown to cause eye and prosthetic joint infections as well as abscesses in humans, mastitis in dairy cattle, and skin disease in laboratory mice and rats. Little is known about the genetic characteristics and genomic diversity of C. bovis because only a single draft genome is available for the species. The overall aim of this study was to sequence and compare the genome of C. bovis isolates obtained from different species, locations, and time points. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on 20 C. bovis isolates (six human, four bovine, nine mouse and one rat) using the Illumina MiSeq platform and submitted to various comparative analysis tools. Sequencing generated high-quality contigs (over 2.53 Mbp) that were comparable to the only reported assembly using C. bovis DSM 20582T (97.8 +/- 0.36% completeness). The number of protein-coding DNA sequences (2,174 +/- 12.4) was similar among all isolates. A Corynebacterium genus neighbor-joining tree was created, which revealed Corynebacterium falsenii as the nearest neighbor to C. bovis (95.87% similarity), although the reciprocal comparison shows Corynebacterium jeikeium as closest neighbor to C. falsenii. Interestingly, the average nucleotide identity demonstrated that the C. bovis isolates clustered by host, with human and bovine isolates clustering together, and the mouse and rat isolates forming a separate group. The average number of genomic islands and putative virulence factors were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the mouse and rat isolates as compared to human/bovine isolates. Corynebacterium bovis' pan-genome contained a total of 3,067 genes of which 1,354 represented core genes. The known core genes of all isolates were primarily related to ''metabolism" and ''information storage/processing." However, most genes were classified as ''function unknown" or "unclassified". Surprisingly, no intact prophages were found in any isolate; however, almost all isolates had at least one complete CRISPR-Cas system. |
Draft Reference Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium mastitidis 16-1433, Isolated From a Mouse
Cheleuitte-Nieves C , Gulvik CA , Humrighouse BW , Bell ME , Villarma A , Westblade LF , Lipman NS , Fischetti VA , McQuiston JR . Genome Announc 2018 6 (7) We report here a nearly complete draft genome sequence for a Corynebacterium mastitidis isolate from a mouse. The total read coverage is 198x, and the genome size is 2,264,319 bp with a 69.04% GC content. This genome complements the only other genome available for C. mastitidis, which was obtained from a sheep. |
Streptococcus azizii sp. nov., isolated from naive weanling mice
Shewmaker PL , Whitney AM , Gulvik CA , Lipman NS . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017 67 (12) 5032-5037 Three isolates of a previously reported novel catalase-negative, Gram-stain-positive, coccoid, alpha-haemolytic, Streptococcus species that were associated with meningoencephalitis in naive weanling mice were further evaluated to confirm their taxonomic status and to determine additional phenotypic and molecular characteristics. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed nearly identical intra-species sequence similarity (>/=99.9 %), and revealed the closest phylogenetically related species, Streptococcus acidominimus and Streptococcus cuniculi, with 97.0 and 97.5 % sequence similarity, respectively. The rpoB, sodA and recN genes were identical for the three isolates and were 87.6, 85.7 and 82.5 % similar to S. acidominimus and 89.7, 86.2 and 80.7 % similar to S. cuniculi, respectively. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of mouse isolate 12-5202(T) against S. acidominimus CCUG 27296(T) and S. cuniculi CCUG 65085(T) produced estimated values of 26.4 and 25.7 % relatedness, and the calculated average nucleotide identity values were 81.9 and 81.7, respectively. These data confirm the taxonomic status of 12-5202(T) as a distinct Streptococcus species, and we formally propose the type strain, Streptococcusazizii 12-5202(T) (=CCUG 69378(T)=DSM 103678(T)). The genome of Streptococcus azizii sp. nov. 12-5202(T) contains 2062 total genes with a size of 2.34 Mbp, and an average G+C content of 42.76 mol%. |
Opportunistic infections and biologic therapies in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: consensus recommendations for infection reporting during clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance
Winthrop KL , Novosad SA , Baddley JW , Calabrese L , Chiller T , Polgreen P , Bartalesi F , Lipman M , Mariette X , Lortholary O , Weinblatt ME , Saag M , Smolen J . Ann Rheum Dis 2015 74 (12) 2107-16 No consensus has previously been formed regarding the types and presentations of infectious pathogens to be considered as 'opportunistic infections' (OIs) within the setting of biologic therapy. We systematically reviewed published literature reporting OIs in the setting of biologic therapy for inflammatory diseases. The review sought to describe the OI definitions used within these studies and the types of OIs reported. These findings informed a consensus committee (infectious diseases and rheumatology specialists) in deliberations regarding the development of a candidate list of infections that should be considered as OIs in the setting of biologic therapy. We reviewed 368 clinical trials (randomised controlled/long-term extension), 195 observational studies and numerous case reports/series. Only 11 observational studies defined OIs within their methods; no consistent OI definition was identified across studies. Across all study formats, the most numerous OIs reported were granulomatous infections. The consensus group developed a working definition for OIs as 'indicator' infections, defined as specific pathogens or presentations of pathogens that 'indicate' the likelihood of an alteration in host immunity in the setting of biologic therapy. Using this framework, consensus was reached upon a list of OIs and case-definitions for their reporting during clinical trials and other studies. Prior studies of OIs in the setting of biologic therapy have used inconsistent definitions. The consensus committee reached agreement upon an OI definition, developed case definitions for reporting of each pathogen, and recommended these be used in future studies to facilitate comparison of infection risk between biologic therapies. |
A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the 17D yellow fever virus vaccine given in combination with immune globulin or placebo: comparative viremia and immunogenicity
Edupuganti S , Eidex RB , Keyserling H , Akondy RS , Lanciotti R , Orenstein W , Del Rio C , Pan Y , Querec T , Lipman H , Barrett A , Ahmed R , Teuwen D , Cetron M , Mulligan MJ . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012 88 (1) 172-7 We evaluated whether coadministration of the yellow fever (YF) virus vaccine with human immunoglobulin (Ig) that contained YF virus-neutralizing antibodies would reduce post-vaccination viremia without compromising immunogenicity and thus, potentially mitigate YF vaccine-associated adverse events. We randomized 80 participants to receive either YF vaccine and Ig or YF vaccine and saline placebo. Participants were followed for 91 days for safety and assessments of viremia and immunogenicity. There were no differences found between the two groups in the proportion of vaccinated participants who developed viremia, seroconversion, CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cell responses, and cytokine responses. These results argue against one putative explanation for the increased reporting of YF vaccine side effects in recent years (i.e., a change in travel clinic practice after 1996 when hepatitis A prophylaxis with vaccine replaced routine use of pre-travel Ig), thus potentially removing an incidental YF vaccine-attenuating effect of anti-YF virus antibodies present in Ig. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00254826.) |
Effectiveness of a school district closure for pandemic influenza A (H1N1) on acute respiratory illnesses in the community: a natural experiment
Copeland DL , Basurto-Davila R , Chung W , Kurian A , Fishbein DB , Szymanowski P , Zipprich J , Lipman H , Cetron MS , Meltzer MI , Averhoff F . Clin Infect Dis 2012 56 (4) 509-16 BACKGROUND: Following detection of pandemic influenza A H1N1 (pH1N1) in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas, a school district (intervention community, [IC]) closed all public schools for eight days to reduce transmission. Nearby school districts (control community [CC]) mostly remained open. METHODS: We collected household data to measure self-reported acute respiratory illness (ARI), before, during, and after school closures. We also collected influenza-related visits to emergency departments (ED(flu)). RESULTS: In both communities, self-reported ARIs and ED(flu) visits increased from before to during the school closure, but the increase in ARI rates was 45% lower in the IC,0.6% before to 1.2% during, than in the CC, 0.4% before to 1.5% during (RR(During/Before)=0.55, p=0.001; aOR(During/Before)=0.49, p<.03). For households with school age children only (no children 0-5 years), IC had even lower increases in adjusted ARI than in the CC (aOR(During/Before)=0.28, p<.001). The relative increase of total ED(flu) visits in the IC was 27% lower (2.8% before to 4.4% during) compared to the CC (2.9% before to 6.2% during). Among children 6-18 years old, the percentage of ED(flu) in IC remained constant (5.1% before vs. 5.2% during), while in the CC it more than doubled (5.2% before vs. 10.9% during). After schools re-opened, ARI rates and ED(flu) visits decreased in both communities. CONCLUSIONS: Our study documents a reduction in ARI and ED(flu) visits in the intervention community. Our findings can be used to assess the potential benefit of school closures during pandemics. |
Emergency health risk communication during the 2007 San Diego wildfires: comprehension, compliance, and recall
Sugerman DE , Keir JM , Dee DL , Lipman H , Waterman SH , Ginsberg M , Fishbein DB . J Health Commun 2012 17 (6) 698-712 In October 2007, wildfires burned nearly 300,000 acres in San Diego County, California. Emergency risk communication messages were broadcast to reduce community exposure to air pollution caused by the fires. The objective of this investigation was to determine residents' exposure to, understanding of, and compliance with these messages. From March to June 2008, the authors surveyed San Diego County residents using a 40-question instrument and random digit dialing. The 1,802 respondents sampled were predominantly 35-64 years old (65.9%), White (65.5%), and educated past high school (79.0%). Most (82.5%) lived more than 1 mile away from the fires, although many were exposed to smoky air for 5-7 days (60.7%) inside and outside their homes. Most persons surveyed reported hearing fire-related health messages (87.9%) and nearly all (97.9%) understood the messages they heard. Respondents complied with most to all of the nontechnical health messages, including staying inside the home (58.7%), avoiding outdoor exercise (88.4%), keeping windows and doors closed (75.8%), and wetting ash before cleanup (75.6%). In contrast, few (<5%) recalled hearing technical messages to place air conditioners on recirculate, use High-Efficiency Particulate Air filters, or use N-95 respirators during ash cleanup, and less than 10% of all respondents followed these specific recommendations. The authors found that nontechnical message recall, understanding, and compliance were high during the wildfires, and reported recall and compliance with technical messages were much lower. Future disaster health communication should further explore barriers to recall and compliance with technical recommendations. |
Deaths in international travelers arriving in the United States, July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2008
Lawson CJ , Dykewicz CA , Molinari NA , Lipman H , Alvarado-Ramy F . J Travel Med 2012 19 (2) 96-103 BACKGROUND:The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS), which documents reports of morbidity and mortality among travelers, was analyzed to describe the epidemiology of deaths during international travel. METHODS: We analyzed travel-related deaths reported to CDC from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2008, in which international travelers died (1) on a U.S.-bound conveyance, or (2) within 72 hours after arriving in the United States, or (3) at any time after arriving in the United States from an illness possibly acquired during international travel. We analyzed age, sex, mode of travel (eg, by air, sea, land), date, and cause of death, and estimated rates using generalized linear models. RESULTS: We identified 213 deaths. The median age of deceased travelers was 66 years (range 1-95); 65% were male. Most deaths (62%) were associated with sea travel; of these, 111 (85%) occurred in cruise ship passengers and 20 (15%) among cargo and cruise ship crew members. Of 81 air travel-associated deaths, 77 occurred in passengers, 3 among air ambulance patients, and 1 in a stowaway. One death was associated with land travel. Deaths were categorized as cardiovascular (70%), infectious disease (12%), cancer (6%), unintentional injury (4%), intentional injury (1%), and other (7%). Of 145 cardiovascular deaths with reported ages, 62% were in persons 65 years of age and older. Nineteen (73%) of 26 persons who died from infectious diseases had chronic medical conditions. There was significant seasonal variation (lowest in July-September) in cardiovascular mortality in cruise ship passengers. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular conditions were the major cause of death for both sexes. Travelers should seek pre-travel medical consultation, including guidance on preventing cardiovascular events, infections, and injuries. Persons with chronic medical conditions and the elderly should promptly seek medical care if they become ill during travel. |
Effect of school closure from pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Jarquin VG , Callahan DB , Cohen NJ , Balaban V , Wang R , Beato R , Pordell P , Oyervides O , Huang WT , Lipman H , Fishbein D , Massoudi MS . Emerg Infect Dis 2011 17 (4) 751-3 TO THE EDITOR: On April 28, 2009, the Chicago Department of Public Health received notification of 1 student at an elementary school with a probable pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus infection; the infection was subsequently laboratory confirmed. This case was one of the first pandemic (H1N1) 2009 cases in Chicago. To prevent transmission of influenza and with guidance from the Chicago Department of Public Health, the school closed on April 29; it reopened on May 6 after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revised its recommendations (1). We conducted an investigation to evaluate psychosocial and economic effects of the school closure on the students' families and to assess whether students complied with mitigation recommendations. In the early pandemic, Chicago's number of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 cases was one of the highest in the United States (2). |
Non-pharmaceutical interventions during an outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at a large public university, April-May 2009
Mitchell T , Dee DL , Phares CR , Lipman HB , Gould LH , Kutty P , Desai M , Guh A , Iuliano AD , Silverman P , Siebold J , Armstrong GL , Swerdlow DL , Massoudi MS , Fishbein DB . Clin Infect Dis 2011 52 S138-S145 Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as home isolation, social distancing, and infection control measures, are recommended by public health agencies as strategies to mitigate transmission during influenza pandemics. However, NPI implementation has rarely been studied in large populations. During an outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at a large public university in April 2009, an online survey was conducted among students, faculty, and staff to assess knowledge of and adherence to university-recommended NPI. Although 3924 (65%) of 6049 student respondents and 1057 (74%) of 1401 faculty respondents reported increased use of self-protective NPI, such as hand washing, only 27 (6.4%) of 423 students and 5 (8.6%) of 58 faculty with acute respiratory infection (ARI) reported staying home while ill. Nearly one-half (46%) of student respondents, including 44.7% of those with ARI, attended social events. Results indicate a need for efforts to increase compliance with home isolation and social distancing measures. |
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of US travelers to Asia regarding seasonal influenza and H5N1 avian influenza prevention measures
Yanni EA , Marano N , Han P , Edelson PJ , Blumensaadt S , Becker M , Dwyer S , Crocker K , Daley T , Davis X , Gallagher N , Balaban V , McCarron M , Mounts A , Lipman H , Brown C , Kozarsky P . J Travel Med 2010 17 (6) 374-81 BACKGROUND: International travel is a potential risk factor for the spread of influenza. In the United States, approximately 5%-20% of the population develops an influenza-like illness annually. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitude, and practices of US travelers to Asia regarding seasonal influenza and H5N1 avian influenza (AI) prevention measures. METHODS: We surveyed travelers to Asia waiting at the departure lounges of 38 selected flights at four international airports in New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. Of the 1,301 travelers who completed the pre-travel survey, 337 also completed a post-travel survey. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to calculate prevalence odds ratios (with 95% CI) to compare foreign-born (FB) to US-born travelers for various levels of knowledge and behaviors. RESULTS: Although the majority of participants were aware of influenza prevention measures, only 41% reported receiving the influenza vaccine during the previous season. Forty-three percent of participants reported seeking at least one type of pre-travel health advice, which was significantly higher among US-born, Caucasians, traveling for purposes other than visiting friends and relatives, travelers who received the influenza vaccine during the previous season, and those traveling with a companion. Our study also showed that Asians, FB travelers, and those working in occupations other than health care/animal care were less likely to recognize H5N1 AI transmission risk factors. CONCLUSION: The basic public health messages for preventing influenza appear to be well understood, but the uptake of influenza vaccine was low. Clinicians should ensure that all patients receive influenza vaccine prior to travel. Tailored communication messages should be developed to motivate Asians, FB travelers, those visiting friends and relatives, and those traveling alone to seek pre-travel health advice as well as to orient them with H5N1 AI risk factors. |
Comparison of 3 infrared thermal detection systems and self-report for mass fever screening
Nguyen AV , Cohen NJ , Lipman H , Brown CM , Molinari NA , Jackson WL , Kirking H , Szymanowski P , Wilson TW , Salhi BA , Roberts RR , Stryker DW , Fishbein DB . Emerg Infect Dis 2010 16 (11) 1710-7 Despite limited evidence regarding their utility, infrared thermal detection systems (ITDS) are increasingly being used for mass fever detection. We compared temperature measurements for 3 ITDS (FLIR ThermoVision A20M [FLIR Systems Inc., Boston, MA, USA], OptoTherm Thermoscreen [OptoTherm Thermal Imaging Systems and Infrared Cameras Inc., Sewickley, PA, USA], and Wahl Fever Alert Imager HSI2000S [Wahl Instruments Inc., Asheville, NC, USA]) with oral temperatures (≥ 100 degrees F = confirmed fever) and self-reported fever. Of 2,873 patients enrolled, 476 (16.6%) reported a fever, and 64 (2.2%) had a confirmed fever. Self-reported fever had a sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity 84.7%, and positive predictive value 10.1%. At optimal cutoff values for detecting fever, temperature measurements by OptoTherm and FLIR had greater sensitivity (91.0% and 90.0%, respectively) and specificity (86.0% and 80.0%, respectively) than did self-reports. Correlations between ITDS and oral temperatures were similar for OptoTherm (rho = 0.43) and FLIR (rho = 0.42) but significantly lower for Wahl (rho = 0.14; p < 0.001). When compared with oral temperatures, 2 systems (OptoTherm and FLIR) were reasonably accurate for detecting fever and predicted fever better than self-reports. |
Tuberculosis investigations associated with air travel: U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2007-June 2008
Marienau KJ , Burgess GW , Cramer E , Averhoff FM , Buff AM , Russell M , Kim C , Neatherlin JC , Lipman H . Travel Med Infect Dis 2010 8 (2) 104-12 INTRODUCTION: Contact investigations conducted in the United States of persons with tuberculosis (TB) who traveled by air while infectious have increased. However, data about transmission risks of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on aircraft are limited. METHODS: We analyzed data on index TB cases and passenger contacts from contact investigations initiated by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2007 through June 2008. RESULTS: Contact investigations for 131 index cases met study inclusion criteria, including 4550 passenger contacts. U.S. health departments reported TB screening test results for 758 (22%) of assigned contacts; 182 (24%) had positive results. Of the 142 passenger contacts with positive TB test results with information about risk factors for prior TB infection, 130 (92%) had at least one risk factor and 12 (8%) had no risk factors. Positive TB test results were significantly associated with risk factors for prior TB infection (OR 23; p<0.001). No cases of TB disease among passenger contacts were reported. CONCLUSION: The risks of M. tuberculosis transmission during air travel remain difficult to quantify. Definitive assessment of transmission risks during flights and determination of the effectiveness of contact-tracing efforts will require comprehensive cohort studies. |
Likely transmission of norovirus on an airplane, October 2008
Kirking HL , Cortes J , Burrer S , Hall AJ , Cohen NJ , Lipman H , Kim C , Daly ER , Fishbein DB . Clin Infect Dis 2010 50 (9) 1216-21 BACKGROUND: On 8 October 2008, members of a tour group experienced diarrhea and vomiting throughout an airplane flight from Boston, Massachusetts, to Los Angeles, California, resulting in an emergency diversion 3 h after takeoff. An investigation was conducted to determine the cause of the outbreak, assess whether transmission occurred on the airplane, and describe risk factors for transmission. METHODS: Passengers and crew were contacted to obtain information about demographics, symptoms, locations on the airplane, and possible risk factors for transmission. Case patients were defined as passengers with vomiting or diarrhea (3 loose stools in 24 h) and were asked to submit stool samples for norovirus testing by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Thirty-six (88%) of 41 tour group members were interviewed, and 15 (41%) met the case definition (peak date of illness onset, 8 October 2008). Of 106 passengers who were not tour group members, 85 (80%) were interviewed, and 7 (8%) met the case definition after the flight (peak date of illness onset, 10 October 2008). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sitting in an aisle seat (adjusted relative risk, 11.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-84.9) and sitting near any tour group member (adjusted relative risk, 7.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-33.6) were associated with the development of illness. Norovirus genotype II was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in stool samples from case patients in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the short duration, transmission of norovirus likely occurred during the flight. |
Reporting patterns and characteristics of tuberculosis among international travelers, United States, June 2006 to May 2008
Modi S , Buff AM , Lawson CJ , Rodriguez D , Kirking HL , Lipman H , Fishbein DB . Clin Infect Dis 2009 49 (6) 885-91 BACKGROUND: As part of efforts to prevent the introduction of communicable diseases into the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducts surveillance for selected diseases in international travelers. One of these diseases, tuberculosis (TB), received substantial attention in May 2007 when the CDC issued travel restrictions and a federal isolation order for a person with drug-resistant TB who traveled internationally against public health recommendations. METHODS: Reports of TB in international travelers in the CDC's Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS) from 1 June 2006 through 31 May 2007 (year 1) were compared with reports from 1 June 2007 through 31 May 2008 (year 2). These reports were classified using the CDC and American Thoracic Society guidelines and analyzed for epidemiologic characteristics and trends. RESULTS: Among QARS reports, 4.6% were classified as active TB disease and 1.7% as no TB disease. Active TB disease reports increased from 2.5% of QARS reports in year 1 to 6.4% in year 2 ([Formula: see text]). The proportion of active TB disease reports leading to a federal travel restriction increased from 6.8% in year 1 to 15.4% in year 2 ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: The significant increase in reports of international travelers with TB disease likely represents more attention to and a higher index of suspicion for TB. The increased use of federal travel restrictions was associated with the development of new procedures to limit travel for public health reasons. Continued efforts are needed to decrease the number of persons with TB who travel while potentially contagious. |
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